【专家解说】:The formation of tropical cyclo
nes is the topic of extensive o
ngoing research and is still not fully understood.[35] While six factors appear to be generally necessary, tropical cyclo
nes may occasio
nally form without meeting all of the following conditions. In most situations, water temperatures of at least 26.5 °C (79.7 °F) are needed down to a depth of at least 50 m (160 ft);[36] waters of this temperature cause the overlying atmosphere to be unstable enough to sustain co
nvection and thunderstorms.[37] Another factor is rapid cooling with height, which allows the release of the heat of co
ndensation that powers a tropical cyclone.[36] High humidity is needed, especially in the lower-to-mid troposphere; when there is a great deal of moisture in the atmosphere, co
nditions are more favorable for disturbances to develop.[36] Low amounts of wind shear are needed, as high shear is disruptive to the storm's circulation.[36] Tropical cyclo
nes generally need to form more than 555 km (345 mi) or 5 degrees of latitude away from the equator, allowing the Coriolis effect to deflect winds blowing towards the low pressure center and creating a circulation.[36] Lastly, a formative tropical cyclone needs a pre-existing system of disturbed weather, although without a circulation no cyclo
nic development will take place.[36]
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